Features of electrophysiological activity in a neonate with severe post-hypoxic brain damage (post-hypoxic cerebral depression)

The article briefly presents the literature data and a description of the clinical dynamic observation of a patient with severe hypoxic brain damage (from the neonatal period to 4 months of life), in the conditions of the neonatal intensive care unit. The article describes the clinical picture, features of paroxysmal states and antiepileptic therapy, dynamics of neuroimaging data, electroencephalographic phenomena recorded in a patient with cerebral depression and structural cerebral injuries. The significance of electroencephalographic examination in the intensive care unit as an informative method for assessing cerebral activity in young children with central nervous system depression syndrome is shown. Disorganization of background activity, indicating structural cerebral damage, long-term persistence of slow-wave activity, detection of epileptic changes in the form of generalized flashes of pointed waves in the theta range, alpha-coma pattern, subsequently replaced by suppression of the background pattern in the patient, are typical electrophysiological disorders recorded in severe hypoxic encephalopathy. In conditions of limited opportunities for visual diagnosis of a patient with impaired consciousness, EEG remains the only method of obtaining information about the functional state of the brain, the data obtained during the study are an important prognostic criterion.