The incidence and structure of congenital heart diseases in newborns in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the major problems of practical health care and especially in neonatology and Pediatrics. Currently, congenital heart defects remain the leading position from the point of view of prevalence compared to other congenital malformations in children, accounting for, according to various estimates, from 18% to one-third of all cases in the structure of the CDF [1, 3, 8]. Currently, the introduction of early and timely methods of diagnosis and treatment have significantly reduced disability and mortality from this disease. The article presents an analysis of the prevalence and structure of congenital heart defects in newborns according to the data of the only multidisciplinary Pediatric center in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). In the course of the study were analyzed 1950 medical records, filled in for two time intervals: 2001-2003 and 2013-2015 Newborns included in the study were divided into three groups. The criteria for division into groups were the results of echocardiography, the size of blood discharge through the shunt on the atrial septum and the size of blood bypass through the functioning arterial duct. For comparison, the prevalence of CHD among newborns depending on geographical, climatic, social, medical and other conditions, the entire territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was divided into 5 socio-territorial zones.